The magnitude of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) among young females and its association with body composition and lifestyle factors: A study from West Bengal
Baishakhi Kundu1, Sarnali Dutta1, and Samiran Bisai1,∗
1Department of Anthropology & Tribal Studies, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal, India, 723104.
Abstract: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) encompasses clinically significant somatic and psychological manifestations during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, leading to substantial distress and impairment in functional capacity which disappear within a few days of the onset of menstruation. It affects day-to-day functioning including interference with an individual’s interpersonal relationships, social interactions, occupational activities and productivity. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a much more severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The present cross-sectional descriptive study includes females aged 18 − 25 years studying at an University of West Bengal. The study used a questionnaire, followed by a interview about lifestyle factors, anthropometric measurements. Caffeine and extra salt consumption had a significant association with PMS (p < 0.0005). Variations in body fat were found in severe cases. Factors like diet alcohol and smoking were associated with menstrual problems. There was a severe impact of PMS on social life and daily activities. The analyzed factors on PMS could serve as a valuable resource to suggest lifestyle modifications as an interventional program to treat PMS in young women. Suitable health education strategies must be implemented to curb this dysphoria.
Key Words: Premenstrual Syndrome; Menstrual disorders; Physical activity; Dietary pattern; Nutritional status; Body fat; Quality of life